''We have no idea what the job market will look like in 2050. The consensus view is that machine learning and robotics will change almost every sector of work - from making yoghurt to teaching yoga classes.
Since the start of the industrial revolution, for every job lost to a machine, a new job has been created and the average standard of living has risen dramatically. However, we have good reason to believe that this time it will be different and that machine learning will be a game-changer.
Humans have two kinds of abilities - physical and cognitive. In the past, machines have only competed with humans in terms of physical skills, while humans have retained a huge advantage over machines - cognition. So as manual jobs in agriculture and industry were automated, new service jobs emerged that required cognitive skills that only humans possessed: learning, analysis, communication and understanding human emotions.
However, AI is beginning to outperform humans at more and more of these skills, including understanding human emotions.
In recent decades, research has allowed scientists to understand much better how humans make decisions. It turns out that all our choices, from food to mates, are not due to a mysterious free will, but rather to a few billion neurons calculating probabilities in a split second. This means that AI can outperform humans even on tasks that supposedly require "intuition". A driver anticipating a pedestrian's intentions, a banker assessing a client's credibility and a lawyer analysing the atmosphere at the negotiating table are not relying on wizardry. An AI equipped with the right sensors could do all this with far more accuracy and precision than a human.
Moreover, two particularly important non-human abilities that AIs possess are those of connecting and updating.
For example, many drivers are not aware of all the changing traffic rules and often break them. Instead, all autonomous cars can be connected to each other. And if the Ministry of Transport decides to change any traffic rules, all autonomous vehicles can easily be developed at exactly the same time and all will follow the new rules exactly.
Similarly, if the World Health Organisation identifies a new disease, or if a laboratory produces a new drug, it is almost impossible to update all the human doctors in the world on these developments. In contrast, even if you have ten billion AI doctors in the world, you can still update them all in a split second.
You might object that by replacing human individuals with a network of computers, we lose the benefits of individuality. For example, if a human doctor makes a wrong decision, it doesn't kill all the patients in the world and block the development of all new drugs. On the other hand, if all doctors are in fact one system, and that system makes a mistake, the results could be catastrophic. In fairness, though, you can run many alternative algorithms on the same network, so that a patient in a remote jungle village can access via her smartphone not just one competent doctor, but a hundred different AI doctors.
Similarly, autonomous vehicles could provide people with much better transport services and, more importantly, reduce traffic fatalities. If we replaced all human drivers with computers, we would, according to estimates, reduce the number of deaths and injuries in road accidents by about 90%.
That's why it would be madness to block automation in areas like transport and healthcare just to protect people's jobs.
( BTW: JOB¹ = Just Over Broke )
After all, we should ultimately be protecting people - not jobs¹. Laid-off drivers and doctors will simply have to find something else to do."
- Yuval Noah Harari
Yet another reason why being an entrepreneur is the best option... There will be no business-man robots. Robot lawyers maybe, but robot entrepreneurs certainly won't. What makes the difference is the mindset. Robots are built by scientists, not businessmen... Scientists are not entrepreneurs. No matter the algorithm, AI will not be able to beat the thinking, vision and discipline of a successful entrepreneur ....
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About - Yuval Noah Harari